Match List-I with List-II.List-I List-IIA. Alfred Hersheyand MarthaChaseI. StreptococcusPneumoniaeB. Euchromatin II. Densely packedand dark-stainedC. FrederickGriffithIII. Loosely packedand light-stainedD. Heterochromatin IV. DNA as geneticmaterialconfirmationChoose the correct answer from the options givenbelow:

Answer

Detailed Explanation of the Matching Table

A. Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase — IV. DNA as genetic material confirmation

Explanation: Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted the famous Hershey-Chase experiment (1952), which demonstrated that DNA is the genetic material. They used bacteriophages to show that DNA, not protein, is responsible for heredity. This landmark experiment solidified DNA’s role as the molecule of inheritance.

B. Euchromatin — III. Loosely packed and light-stained

Explanation: Euchromatin is a lightly stained region of the chromatin seen under the microscope. It is loosely packed, allowing active gene transcription. Euchromatin represents gene-rich regions that are transcriptionally active.

C. Frederick Griffith — I. Streptococcus pneumoniae

Explanation: Frederick Griffith’s experiments in 1928 with Streptococcus pneumoniae led to the discovery of the “transforming principle”. Griffith observed that heat-killed virulent bacteria could transfer genetic material to live non-virulent bacteria, transforming them into virulent forms, pointing toward DNA as hereditary material.

D. Heterochromatin — II. Densely packed and dark-stained

Explanation: Heterochromatin is a tightly packed form of chromatin that appears dark-stained under a microscope. It is transcriptionally inactive, with genes typically silenced. Heterochromatin helps maintain chromosome structure and regulate gene expression.

Summary Table

This table consolidates key concepts in genetics and cell biology, linking scientists and biological terms with their corresponding discoveries or descriptions.