Given below are two statements ;Statement I: Ferromagnetism is considered as anextreme form of paramagnetism.Statement II: The number of unpaired electrons ina Cr2+ ion (Z=24) is the same as that of a Nd3+ ion(Z= 60).In the light of the above statements, choose thecorrect answer from the options given below:

Answer

Ferromagnetism and Electron Configuration

Ferromagnetism arises when unpaired electron spins align parallel throughout a solid. This collective alignment generates a strong magnetic field and is considered an extreme form of paramagnetism.

Therefore, Statement I is correct.

Now consider the electron configurations:

• Cr²⁺: [Ar] 3d⁴ → has four unpaired electrons
• Nd³⁺: [Xe] 4f³ → has three unpaired electrons

Since the number of unpaired electrons differs, their magnetic behaviors are not identical.

Hence, Statement II is incorrect.