Answer
Explanation:
In bryophytes, particularly liverworts, asexual reproduction is facilitated through specialized structures known as gemmae (singular: gemma). Gemmae are green, multicellular, disc-like asexual buds that develop within small, cup-shaped structures called gemma cups, which are located on the surface of the thallus (the plant body).
These gemmae detach from the parent plant body and are dispersed, often by the action of rainwater splashes. Upon landing in a favorable environment, each gemma germinates and grows into a new, genetically identical individual plant. This enables rapid and widespread propagation of the species, especially in moist environments where bryophytes thrive.
This method of reproduction is purely asexual, as it does not involve gamete formation or fertilization, ensuring that the offspring are clones of the parent plant.
✅ Correct option: (2) Asexual reproduction