Answer
🔬 Reaction Product Analysis
(a) Acid Chloride + Gilman Reagent (Ph₂CuLi)
Product: Ketone (R–CO–Ph)
Explanation: The phenyl group from the Gilman reagent replaces the chlorine atom in the acid chloride via a nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction, forming a ketone. The byproduct is lithium chloride (LiCl).
(b) Benzonitrile + LiAlH₄, H₃O⁺
Product: Benzylamine (Ph–CH₂–NH₂)
Explanation: LiAlH₄ reduces the nitrile group to a primary amine. The intermediate imine formed is further reduced and then protonated by H₃O⁺ to give benzylamine.
(c) Carboxylic Acid + LiAlH₄, H₃O⁺
Product: Primary Alcohol (R–CH₂–OH)
Explanation: The carboxylic acid is reduced to a primary alcohol through hydride attack on the carbonyl carbon, followed by protonation during the acidic workup.
(d) Anhydride + Primary Amine
Product: Amide (R–CO–NH–R’)
Explanation: This is an acylation reaction. The primary amine attacks the carbonyl carbon of the anhydride, forming an amide and a carboxylic acid as a byproduct.
(e) Benzonitrile + OH⁻, H₃O⁺
Product: Benzoic Acid (Ph–COOH)
Explanation: The nitrile undergoes base-catalyzed hydrolysis forming an intermediate benzamide, which further hydrolyzes to form benzoate, protonated to yield benzoic acid.
🧾 Summary of Reaction Products
| Reaction | Reactants | Product |
|---|---|---|
| (a) | Acid chloride + Ph₂CuLi | Ketone (R–CO–Ph) |
| (b) | Benzonitrile + LiAlH₄ + H₃O⁺ | Benzylamine (Ph–CH₂–NH₂) |
| (c) | Carboxylic acid + LiAlH₄ + H₃O⁺ | Primary alcohol (R–CH₂–OH) |
| (d) | Anhydride + Primary amine | Amide (R–CO–NH–R’) |
| (e) | Benzonitrile + OH⁻, H₃O⁺ | Benzoic acid (Ph–COOH) |